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Online gambling in Canada depends on your province
Canada has no single national online gambling market. The Criminal Code makes gambling unlawful unless it is a lottery scheme "conducted and managed" by a province, so each province decides how online casino and sports betting work within its borders. Single-event sports betting has been allowed since August 2021, when Parliament removed the old parlay-only rule, and every province now offers it in some form.
In October 2026 the country falls into two groups. Ontario and Alberta run open, licensed markets where private operators compete under provincial rules. Every other province runs a government monopoly site, and offshore operators serve players there without a provincial licence. Your rights as a player, and what we list for you, depend on which group you are in.
| Province | Model in October 2026 | Who runs or regulates it |
|---|---|---|
| Ontario | Open licensed market since April 2022 | AGCO regulates; iGaming Ontario contracts with operators |
| Alberta | Open licensed market since 13 July 2026 | AGLC regulates; Alberta iGaming Corporation contracts with operators; Play Alberta continues |
| British Columbia | Provincial monopoly | BCLC (PlayNow) |
| Manitoba | Provincial monopoly | PlayNow, through a partnership with BCLC |
| Quebec | Provincial monopoly | Loto-Québec |
| Saskatchewan | Provincial monopoly | Provincial online platform |
| Atlantic provinces | Provincial monopoly | Atlantic Lottery Corporation |
Ontario and Alberta: licensed markets only
Ontario opened its regulated market on 4 April 2022. Operators must register with the Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario (AGCO) and sign an agreement with iGaming Ontario, and unregistered operators were required to stop serving Ontario. Trade press counts close to 50 operators running more than 80 sites. The AGCO now also pursues suppliers: on 7 May 2026 it fined Relax Gaming and Arrise Solutions $40,000 each because their games were available to Ontario players on unregulated sites.
Alberta became the second open market on 13 July 2026 under a similar model. Operators register with Alberta Gaming, Liquor and Cannabis (AGLC) and sign a commercial agreement with the Alberta iGaming Corporation, and the government’s Play Alberta site competes with them. Registered names before launch included FanDuel, DraftKings, BetMGM, BetRivers, Caesars and theScore Bet, with bet365 approved in May. Trade reports put about 22 sites live on day one and around 50 registered sites in total. Operators already serving Alberta without a licence were told to stop by launch day, with a possible three-month extension to 13 October 2026 for those moving into the regulated market.
If you live in Ontario or Alberta, use a site licensed in your province. Our pages for licensed brands such as BetMGM and theScore Bet say where each one is licensed; check the provincial lists before you sign up.
Why we list offshore crypto casinos for the rest of Canada
Outside Ontario and Alberta, the only provincially authorised online casino is the provincial lottery corporation’s own site. Offshore operators licensed in places such as Curaçao, Anjouan or the Kahnawake Mohawk Territory have served players in those provinces for many years. In practice provinces outside Ontario and Alberta have not blocked these sites or prosecuted players, so they operate in a tolerated grey area rather than a licensed market.
That is why our Canadian page lists crypto casinos that state they accept Canadian players, such as Stake, BC.Game and Shuffle, alongside provincially licensed brands. To be clear about what that does and does not mean:
- These casinos are not licensed by any Canadian province. Tolerated is not the same as regulated.
- Our offshore listings are not for residents of Ontario or Alberta, where only provincially licensed operators may offer online gambling.
- Many offshore casinos exclude Ontario in their own terms, and some now exclude Alberta. Check the restricted-territories list before you deposit.
- We never suggest using a VPN or false details to get round a restriction. Doing so breaks the casino’s terms and is a common reason for confiscated winnings.
Our guide to crypto casino licences explains what an offshore licence covers, and our crypto casinos hub shows how we rate them.
The risks of playing offshore
Offshore crypto casinos can be fast and flexible, but you give up the protections a provincial licence brings:
- No provincial complaints route. If a withdrawal is refused, your options are the operator’s support team and its offshore licensing body.
- Identity checks at withdrawal. Many crypto casinos let you deposit with little verification and ask for documents only when you try to cash out a large win.
- Crypto price risk. A balance held in bitcoin or ether can lose value between deposit and withdrawal; stablecoins reduce that risk.
- No link to provincial self-exclusion. Excluding yourself from PlayNow, Loto-Québec or an Ontario site does not block offshore casinos.
- Terms can change. Operators add provinces to their restricted lists, sometimes with little notice, as Alberta’s new market showed.
If you choose an offshore casino, start with a small deposit and a small withdrawal to test the process. Our guide to instant withdrawal crypto casinos explains what fast payouts depend on, and how to gamble with crypto covers wallets and fees.
Advertising rules
Ontario and Alberta both restrict gambling advertising. Ontario has barred active and retired athletes from gambling adverts, except in responsible gambling messages, since February 2024, and operators may not advertise bonuses and inducements publicly; they can show them on their own sites and to customers who have opted in.
Alberta’s standards, updated by AGLC on 18 June 2026, take the same approach: no public advertising of bonuses, free bets or other inducements; no athletes except in responsible gambling messages; and no celebrities, social media influencers or cartoon characters. Affiliates that refer players to licensed Alberta operators must follow the same standards, and an affiliate that works with unlicensed sites is barred from partnering with licensed ones.
Elsewhere, provincial lottery corporations set their own advertising policies, and national broadcast standards apply to television adverts.
The Alberta affiliate rule matters for sites like ours. A publisher that promotes unlicensed casinos to Albertans cannot also work with Alberta’s licensed operators, which is one more reason our offshore listings are not aimed at Alberta or Ontario readers. For readers, the useful takeaway is that a bonus advert for an online casino on Alberta or Ontario television or social media, outside the operator’s own channels, is a sign that something is not right.
Payments, crypto and tax
Licensed and provincial sites take Interac e-Transfer, debit and credit cards (subject to the bank), and e-wallets, and pay out to your bank. Provincial and Ontario- or Alberta-licensed sites do not take crypto as a standard deposit method. Offshore casinos accept bitcoin, ether, USDT and other coins, and some also take Interac through payment intermediaries.
Are gambling winnings taxable in Canada?
For most people, no. The Canada Revenue Agency treats winnings from recreational gambling as windfalls rather than income, so they are not taxed and losses cannot be deducted. A person who gambles as a business can be taxed on profits; the Federal Court of Appeal’s 2025 decision in Fournier-Giguère v. Canada, a poker case, confirmed that the line depends on whether the activity has become a commercial business and main livelihood.
Crypto adds a separate question. If the coins you withdraw from a casino have risen in value since you bought them, selling or swapping them can create a capital gain, regardless of how you won them. Keep records of your purchase prices and ask a tax professional if the amounts are large.
2026 changes and what to watch
2026 has been the busiest year for Canadian online gambling regulation since Ontario opened. The main changes:
- Alberta’s open market (13 July 2026). The second province to license private operators, with a deadline for unlicensed operators to stop serving Albertans and a possible transition extension that ran to 13 October 2026.
- Stricter advertising in Alberta (18 June 2026). No public bonus advertising and no athletes, celebrities or influencers, plus a rule that cuts off affiliates who also promote unlicensed sites.
- Supplier enforcement in Ontario (May 2026). The AGCO now fines licensed game studios whose content turns up on unregulated sites reachable from Ontario, which shrinks the game libraries available to grey-market casinos.
- Centralised self-exclusion in Ontario (14 May 2026). BetGuard replaced site-by-site exclusion for regulated Ontario operators.
What to watch next: whether Alberta’s registrations turn into a full slate of live sites, whether any other province moves from a monopoly towards a licensed model, and whether more offshore operators withdraw from Alberta as enforcement starts. If another province opens a licensed market, we will stop listing offshore brands for it, as we did for Alberta. Our listings for the rest of Canada rest on the current practice of tolerance; they are not a claim that offshore casinos are legal under Canadian law, and the Criminal Code still reserves gambling to provincially conducted schemes.
Self-exclusion and help in every province
Ontario launched BetGuard, a centralised self-exclusion tool from iGaming Ontario, on 14 May 2026. One request now excludes you from every regulated online gambling site in Ontario for a set period. Alberta’s AGLC and the other provincial lottery corporations run their own self-exclusion programmes for their sites and venues. None of them covers offshore casinos, so if you self-exclude, block gambling payments with your bank as well.
| Province or territory | Gambling help line |
|---|---|
| Ontario (ConnexOntario) | 1-866-531-2600 |
| Alberta (Addiction and Mental Health Helpline) | 1-866-332-2322 |
| British Columbia | 1-888-795-6111 |
| Quebec (Jeu: aide et référence) | 1-800-461-0140 |
| Manitoba | 1-800-463-1554 |
| Saskatchewan | 1-800-306-6789 |
| New Brunswick | 1-800-461-1234 |
| Prince Edward Island | 1-855-255-4255 |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 1-888-899-4357 |
Treat gambling as paid entertainment with a fixed budget. Our responsible gambling guide covers limits and warning signs, and our responsible gambling hub lists services in other countries. For how we treat each market, including the United States, see our coverage page.
Sources
- AGCO — enforcement against suppliers serving unregulated sites (7 May 2026)
- AGCO — centralised self-exclusion standards in effect (14 May 2026)
- Gaming.net — Alberta bans public bonus advertising (Jun 2026)
- Blakes — Alberta regulated iGaming launch date announced (Apr 2026)
- Pokerfuse — Alberta will open on 13 July (Apr 2026)
- Yogonet — Alberta confirms operators for launch (7 May 2026)
- Covers — bet365 joins Alberta approval list (26 May 2026)
- Canada’s Lower-Risk Gambling Guidelines — provincial help lines






























